Jonathan C. Brant and Kenneth O. Stanley (2020)
Diversity Preservation in Minimal Criterion Coevolution through Resource Limitation.
In: Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference (GECCO 2020). New York, NY: ACM (8 pages).

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Jonathan C. Brant and Kenneth O. Stanley (2019)
Benchmarking Open-Endedness in Minimal Criterion Coevolution.
In: Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference (GECCO 2019).  New York, NY: ACM (8 pages).

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Felix A. Sosa and Kenneth O. Stanley (2018)
Deep HyperNEAT: Evolving the Size and Depth of the Substrate
Evolutionary Complexity Research Group Undergraduate Research Report
University of Central Florida Department of Computer Science (9 pages).

Source code available at https://github.com/flxsosa/DeepHyperNEAT

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Kenneth O. Stanley (2018)
Art in the Sciences of the Artificial.
In: Leonardo, vol. 51, issue 2, April 2018, MIT Press (Manuscript 16 pages; 28 with Appendix)
(c) ISAST

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Jonathan C. Brant and Kenneth O. Stanley (2017)
Minimal Criterion Coevolution: A New Approach to Open-Ended Search.
In: Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference (GECCO 2017).  New York, NY: ACM (8 pages).

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Justin K. Pugh, L. B. Soros, Rafaela Frota, Kevin Negy, and Kenneth O. Stanley (2017)
Major Evolutionary Transitions in the Voxelbuild Virtual Sandbox Game
In: Proceedings of the European Conference on Artificial Life (ECAL-2017). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2017 (8 pages).

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Kenneth O. Stanley and L. B. Soros (2016)
The Role of Subjectivity in the Evaluation of Open-Endedness (short workshop paper)
In: OEE2: The Second Workshop on Open-Ended Evolution at the Fifteenth International Conference on the Synthesis and Simulation of Living Systems (ALIFE XV). 2016 (3 pages).

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L. B. Soros and Kenneth O. Stanley (2016)
Is Evolution Fundamentally Creative? (short workshop paper)
In: OEE2: The Second Workshop on Open-Ended Evolution at the Fifteenth International Conference on the Synthesis and Simulation of Living Systems (ALIFE XV). 2016 (3 pages).

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Justin K. Pugh, L. B. Soros, and Kenneth O. Stanley (2016)
Quality Diversity: A New Frontier for Evolutionary Computation
In: Frontiers in Robotics and AI, 3(40). 2016 (17 pages).

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Justin K. Pugh, L. B. Soros, and Kenneth O. Stanley (2016)
Searching for Quality Diversity when Diversity is Unaligned with Quality
In: Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Parallel Problem Solving From Nature (PPSN-2016). New York, NY: Springer (10 pages).

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Joshua A. Bowren, Justin K. Pugh, and Kenneth O. Stanley (2016)
Fully Autonomous Real-Time Autoencoder-Augmented Hebbian Learning through the Collection of Novel Experiences
In: Proceedings of the Fifteenth International Conference on the Synthesis and Simulation of Living Systems (ALIFE XV). Cambrige, MA: MIT Press, 2016 (8 pages).

This paper is accompanied by source code.

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L. B. Soros, Nick Cheney, and Kenneth O. Stanley (2016)
How the Strictness of the Minimal Criterion Impacts Open-Ended Evolution
In: Proceedings of the Fifteenth International Conference on the Synthesis and Simulation of Living Systems (ALIFE XV). Cambrige, MA: MIT Press, 2016 (8 pages).

This paper is accompanied by source code.

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Gregory Morse and Kenneth O. Stanley (2016)
Simple Evolutionary Optimization Can Rival Stochastic Gradient Descent in Neural Networks
In: Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference (GECCO-2016). New York, NY: ACM, 2015 (8 pages).

This paper is accompanied by source code.

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Bryan Wilder and Kenneth O. Stanley (2015)
Altruists Proliferate Even at a Selective Disadvantage within Their Own Niche
In: PLoS ONE 10(6): e0128654. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0128654 (11 pages in PDF).

Source code for the experimental results in this paper is available.

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Justin K. Pugh, L. B. Soros, Paul A. Szerlip, and Kenneth O. Stanley (2015)
Confronting the Challenge of Quality Diversity
In: Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference (GECCO-2015). New York, NY: ACM, 2015 (8 pages).

This paper is accompanied by an interactive visualization of the experimental results and source code.

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Bryan Wilder and Kenneth O. Stanley (2015)
Reconciling Explanations for the Evolution of Evolvability
To appear in: Adaptive Behavior journal. London: SAGE, 2015 (18 pages).

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Sebastian Risi, Joel Lehman, David B. D’Ambrosio, Ryan Hall, and Kenneth O. Stanley (2015)
Petalz: Search-based Procedural Content Generation for the Casual Gamer
In: IEEE Transactions on Computational Intelligence and AI in Games. Piscataway, NJ: IEEE, 2015 (9 pages).

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Paul A. Szerlip, Gregory Morse, Justin K. Pugh, and Kenneth O. Stanley (2015)
Unsupervised Feature Learning through Divergent Discriminative Feature Accumulation
In: Proceedings of the Twenty-Ninth AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI-2015). Palo Alto, CA: AAAI Press, 2015 (9 pages).

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Amy K. Hoover, Paul A. Szerlip, and Kenneth O. Stanley (2014)
Functional Scaffolding for Composing Additional Musical Voices
In: Computer Music Journal. Cambridge, Massachusetts, US: MIT Press, 38:4, 80-99, Winter 2014 (19 pages).

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Joel Lehman and Kenneth O. Stanley (2014)
Investigating Biological Assumptions through Radical Reimplementation
To appear in: Artificial Life journal, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2014 (35 pages)

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Paul Szerlip, and Kenneth O. Stanley (2014)
Steps Toward a Modular Library for Turning Any Evolutionary Domain into an Online Interactive Platform
In: Proceedings of the Fourteenth International Conference on the Synthesis and Simulation of Living Systems (ALIFE XIV). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2014 (8 pages).

This paper is accompanied by a new online community: http://WINArk.org

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Paul A. Szerlip, Gregory Morse, Justin K. Pugh, and Kenneth O. Stanley (2014)
Unsupervised Feature Learning through Divergent Discriminative Feature Accumulation
In: ArXiv e-prints. E-print no. 1406.1833, submitted June 2014 (9 pages).

Note:  This arxiv paper is now superseded by the AAAI publication by the same name (above).

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L. B. Soros and Kenneth O. Stanley (2014)
Identifying Necessary Conditions for Open-Ended Evolution through the Artificial Life World of Chromaria
In: Proceedings of the Fourteenth International Conference on the Synthesis and Simulation of Living Systems (ALIFE 14). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2014 (8 pages).

Winner of the Best Poster Award at ALIFE 14

This paper is accompanied with a set of video demos and source code here.

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Justin K. Pugh, Andrea Soltoggio, and Kenneth O. Stanley (2014)
Real-time Hebbian Learning from Autoencoder Features for Control Tasks
In: Proceedings of the Fourteenth International Conference on the Synthesis and Simulation of Living Systems (ALIFE XIV). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2014 (8 pages).

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Brian G. Woolley and Kenneth O. Stanley (2014)
A Novel Human-Computer Collaboration: Combining Novelty Search with Interactive Evolution
In:Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference(GECCO-2014). New York, NY: ACM (8 pages).

Winner of the Best Paper Award in Artificial Life/Robotics/Evolvable Hardware at GECCO-2014

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Justin K. Pugh, Skyler Goodell, and Kenneth O. Stanley (2014)
Directional Communication in Evolved Multiagent Teams
In: Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference (GECCO-2014). New York, NY: ACM, 2014 (8 pages).

This paper is accompanied with a set of video demos at http://tinyurl.com/DirComVideo.

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Sebastian Risi and Kenneth O. Stanley (2014)
Guided Self-Organization in Indirectly Encoded and Evolving Topographic Maps
In: Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference (GECCO 2014). New York, NY: ACM (8 pages).

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Gregory Morse, L.B. Soros, and Kenneth O. Stanley (2014)
Additional Stability for Single-Unit Pattern Generators
In: Workshop on Nature-inspired Techniques for Robotics at the 13th International Conference on Parallel Problem Solving from Nature (PPSN 2014). New York, NY: Springer (2 pages).

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Sebastian Risi, Joel Lehman, David B. D'Ambrosio, and Kenneth O. Stanley (2014)
Automatically Categorizing Procedurally Generated Content for Collecting Games
In: Proceedings of the Workshop on Procedural Content Generation in Games (PCG) at the 9th International Conference on the Foundations of Digital Games (FDG-2014). New York, NY: ACM (7 pages).

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Paul A. Szerlip, and Kenneth O. Stanley (2013)
Indirectly Encoded Sodarace for Artificial Life
To appear in: Proceedings of the 12th European Conference on Artificial Life (ECAL-2013, Taormina, Italy). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

This paper is accompanied with a set of interactive demos at http://eplex.cs.ucf.edu/ecal13/demo/PCA.html.

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Kenneth O. Stanley, Jeff Clune, David B. D'Ambrosio, Colin D. Green, Joel Lehman, Gregory Morse, Justin K. Pugh, Sebastian Risi, and Paul Szerlip (2013)
CPPNs Effectively Encode Fracture: A Response to Critical Factors in the Performance of HyperNEAT
University of Central Florida Dept. of EECS Technical Report CS-TR-13-05 (Maunscript 37 pages).

This paper is accompanied by a companion page of source code, parameters, and videos at http://eplex.cs.ucf.edu/cfresponse13.html.

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Justin K. Pugh, Skyler Goodell, and Kenneth O. Stanley (2013)
Directional Communication in Evolved Multiagent Teams
University of Central Florida Dept. of EECS Technical Report CS-TR-13-04 (17 pages).

This paper is accompanied with a set of video demos at http://tinyurl.com/DirComVideo.

This technical report is no longer available because it has been superseded by the conference paper Directional Communication in Evolved Multiagent Teams (above)

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Amy K. Hoover, Paul A. Szerlip, and Kenneth O. Stanley (2013)
Implications from Music Generation for Music Appreciation
To appear in: Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Computational Creativity (ICCC-2013, Sydney, Australia).

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Joel Lehman and Kenneth O. Stanley (2013)
Evolvability is Inevitable: Increasing Evolvability Without the Pressure to Adapt
To appear in: PLoS ONE journal. (9 pages).

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Gregory Morse, Sebastian Risi, Charles R. Snyder, and Kenneth O. Stanley (2013)
Single-Unit Pattern Generators for Quadruped Locomotion
In: Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference (GECCO-2013). New York, NY: ACM, 2013 (8 pages).

This paper is accompanied with a set of video demos at http://eplex.cs.ucf.edu/supg/supgql/

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Joel Lehman, Kenneth O. Stanley and Risto Miikkulainen (2013)
Effective Diversity Maintenance in Deceptive Domains
To Appear In: Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference (GECCO 2013). New York, NY: ACM, 2013 (8 pages)

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Justin K. Pugh and Kenneth O. Stanley (2013)
Evolving Multimodal Controllers with HyperNEAT
In: Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference (GECCO-2013). New York, NY: ACM, 2013 (8 pages).

This manuscript is slightly amended from the published version to correct an omission.

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Sebastian Risi and Kenneth O. Stanley (2013)
Confronting the Challenge of Learning a Flexible Neural Controller for a Diversity of Morphologies
To appear in: Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference (GECCO-2013). New York, NY:ACM (7 pages).

This paper is accompanied with a set of video demos at http://youtu.be/oLSSt5GyHNk

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Joel Lehman, Sebastian Risi, David B. D'Ambrosio and Kenneth O. Stanley (2013)
Encouraging Reactivity to Create Robust Machines
To appear in: Adaptive Behavior journal. London: SAGE, 2013 (Maunscript 31 pages).

This paper is accompanied with a set of video demos at http://goo.gl/Qn9nz

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David B. D'Ambrosio and Kenneth O. Stanley (2013)
Scalable Multiagent Learning through Indirect Encoding of Policy Geometry
In: Evolutionary Intelligence Journal. New York, NY: Springer-Verlag, 2013 (Maunscript 30 pages).

This paper is accompanied with a set of video demos at http://eplex.cs.ucf.edu/demos/multiagentcompared.
The final publication is available at http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs12065-012-0086-3. 

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Sebastian Risi, Joel Lehman, David B. D'Ambrosio, Ryan Hall and Kenneth O. Stanley (2012)
Combining Search-based Procedural Content Generation and Social Gaming in the Petalz Video Game
In: Proceedings of the Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment Conference (AIIDE 2012). Menlo Park, CA:AAAI (6 pages).

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Brian G. Woolley and Kenneth O. Stanley (2012)
Exploring Promising Stepping Stones by Combining Novelty Search with Interactive Evolution.
In: ArXiv e-prints. E-print no. 1207.6682, submitted July 2012 (15 pages).

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Andrea Soltoggio and Kenneth O. Stanley (2012)
From Modulated Hebbian Plasticity to Simple Behavior Learning through Noise and Weight Saturation
In: Neural Networks journal, Vol. 34, October 2012, pp. 28–41. New York, NY: Elsevier, 2012 (manuscript 17 pages).

Note: Official Elsevier version is at http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neunet.2012.06.005
Videos and source code are at http://andrea.soltoggio.net/rec-sat.

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David B. D'Ambrosio, Skyler Goodell, Joel Lehman, Sebastian Risi, and Kenneth O. Stanley (2012)
Multirobot Behavior Synchronization through Direct Neural Network Communication
In: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Intelligent Robotics and Applications (ICIRA-2012). New York, NY: Springer-Verlag, 2012 (12 pages).

Best Paper Award Finalist at ICIRA 2012

Note: This paper is accompanied with a set of video demos at http://eplex.cs.ucf.edu/demos/hive-brain-patrol.
The final publication is available at http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-642-33515-0_59. 

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Joel Lehman, Sebastian Risi, and Kenneth O. Stanley (2012)
On the Benefits of Divergent Search for Evolved Representations
In: Proceedings of the EvoNet 2012 Workshop at the Thirteenth International Conference on Artificial Life (ALIFE XIII). (4 pages).

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Sebastian Risi and Kenneth O. Stanley (2012)
An Enhanced Hypercube-Based Encoding for Evolving the Placement, Density and Connectivity of Neurons 
In: Artificial Life journal. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2012 (Manuscript 54 pages)

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Sebastian Risi and Kenneth O. Stanley (2012)
A Unified Approach to Evolving Plasticity and Neural Geometry
In: Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN 2012). Piscataway, NJ: IEEE, 2012 (8 pages).

Winner of the Best Student Paper Award at IJCNN-2012

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Joel Lehman and Kenneth O. Stanley (2012)
Beyond Open-endedness: Quantifying Impressiveness
In: Proceedings of the Thirteenth International Conference on Artificial Life (ALIFE XIII). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2012 (8 pages).

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Joel Lehman, Sebastian Risi, David B. D'Ambrosio, and Kenneth O. Stanley (2012)
Rewarding Reactivity to Evolve Robust Controllers without Multiple Trials or Noise
In: Proceedings of the Thirteenth International Conference on Artificial Life (ALIFE XIII). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2012 (8 pages).

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Amy K. Hoover, Paul A. Szerlip, Marie E. Norton, Trevor A. Brindle, Zachary Merritt, and Kenneth O. Stanley (2012)
Generating a Complete Multipart Musical Composition from a Single Monophonic Melody with Functional Scaffolding
In: Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Computational Creativity (ICCC-2012, Dublin, Ireland).

Note: This paper is accompanied with a set of musical samples at http://eplex.cs.ucf.edu/fsmc/iccc2012/.

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David B. D'Ambrosio, Joel Lehman, Sebastian Risi, and Kenneth O. Stanley (2011)
Task Switching in Multiagent Learning through Indirect Encoding
In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS 2011, San Francisco, CA). Piscataway, NJ: IEEE (8 pages).

Note: This article is accompanied by a demonstration video at http://eplex.cs.ucf.edu/patrolling.html

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Amy K. Hoover, Paul A. Szerlip, and Kenneth O. Stanley (2011)
Generating Musical Accompaniment through Functional Scaffolding
In: Proceedings of the 8th Sound and Music Computing Conference (SMC-2011, Padova, Italy).

Note: This paper is accompanied with a set of musical samples at http://eplex.cs.ucf.edu/fsmc/smc2011/.

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Sebastian Risi and Kenneth O. Stanley (2011)
Enhancing ES-HyperNEAT to Evolve More Complex Regular Neural Networks
In: Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference (GECCO-2011). New York, NY:ACM (8 pages)

Nominated for Best Paper Award in Generative and Developmental Systems at GECCO-2011

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Joel Lehman and Kenneth O. Stanley (2011) 
Novelty Search and the Problem with Objectives
To appear in: Genetic Programming Theory and Practice IX (GPTP 2011). New York, NY:Springer (20 pages)

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Amy K. Hoover, Paul A. Szerlip, and Kenneth O. Stanley (2011) 
Interactively Evolving Harmonies through Functional Scaffolding
In: Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference (GECCO 2011). New York,NY:ACM (8 pages)

Winner of the Best Paper Award in Digital Entertainment Technologies and Arts at GECCO-2011

Note: This paper is accompanied with a set of musical samples at http://eplex.cs.ucf.edu/fsmc/gecco2011/.

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Joel Lehman and Kenneth O. Stanley (2011) 
Evolving a Diversity of Virtual Creatures through Novelty Search and Local Competition
In: Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference (GECCO 2011). New York,NY:ACM (8 pages)

Note: This article is accompanied by demonstration videos at http://eplex.cs.ucf.edu/ns/vc.html

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Joel Lehman and Kenneth O. Stanley (2011) 
Improving Evolvability through Novelty Search and Self-Adaptation
In: Proceedings of the 2011 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC 2011). Piscataway, NJ: IEEE (8 pages)

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Phillip Verbancsics and Kenneth O. Stanley (2011)
Constraining Connectivity to Encourage Modularity in HyperNEAT
In: Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference (GECCO-2011). New York, NY:ACM (8 pages)

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Brian G. Woolley and Kenneth O. Stanley (2011)
On the Deleterious Effects of A Priori Objectives on Evolution and Representation
In: Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference (GECCO-2011). New York, NY:ACM (8 pages)

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Joel Lehman and Kenneth O. Stanley (2011)
Abandoning Objectives: Evolution Through the Search for Novelty Alone
In: Evolutionary Computation journal (19):2, pages 189-223, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2011 (39 pages)

Note: This article is accompanied by a demonstration video at  http://eplex.cs.ucf.edu/noveltysearch

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Jimmy Secretan, Nicholas Beato, David B. D’Ambrosio, Adelein Rodriguez, Adam Campbell, Jeremiah T. Folsom-Kovarik, and Kenneth O. Stanley (2011)
Picbreeder: A Case Study in Collaborative Evolutionary Exploration of Design Space

In: Evolutionary Computation journal, MIT Press, 2011 (33 pages).

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Phillip Verbancsics and Kenneth O. Stanley (2010)
Constraining Connectivity to Encourage Modularity in HyperNEAT
University of Central Florida Dept. of EECS Technical Report CS-TR-10-10 (31 pages).

Please note: This technical report is no longer available because it has been superseded by the conference paper "Constraining Connectivity to Encourage Modularity in HyperNEAT " (above) 

Read more ...


Jason Gauci and Kenneth O. Stanley (2010)
Indirect Encoding of Neural Networks for Scalable Go
In:  Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Parallel Problem Solving From Nature (PPSN-2010). New York, NY: Springer (10 pages)

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Brian G. Woolley and Kenneth O. Stanley (2010)
Evolving a Single Scalable Controller for an Octopus Arm with a Variable Number of Segments

In: Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Parallel Problem Solving From Nature (PPSN-2010). New York, NY: Springer (10 pages)

Note: This article is accompanied by videos at http://eplex.cs.ucf.edu/octopusArm.

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Phillip Verbancsics and Kenneth O. Stanley (2010)
Evolving Static Representations for Task Transfer
In: Journal of Machine Learning Research 11:  pages 1737-1769. Brookline, MA: Microtome
Publishing (33 pages).

Note: This article is accompanied by videos at http://eplex.cs.ucf.edu/hyperneat-keepaway.html.

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Sebastian Risi, Charles E. Hughes, and Kenneth O. Stanley (2010) 
Evolving Plastic Neural Networks with Novelty Search
In: Adaptive Behavior journal 18(6), pages 470–491, London: SAGE, 2010. Manuscript 41 pages.

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Erin J. Hastings and Kenneth O. Stanley (2010)
Interactive Genetic Engineering of Evolved Video Game Content
In: Proceedings of the Workshop on Procedural Content Generation in Games (PCG) at the 5th International Conference on the Foundations of Digital Games (FDG-2010). New York, NY: ACM (4 pages)

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Sebastian Risi and Kenneth O. Stanley (2010)
Indirectly Encoding Neural Plasticity as a Pattern of Local Rules
In: Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Simulation of Adaptive Behavior (SAB 2010). New York, NY: Springer (11 pages)

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Joel Lehman, and Kenneth O. Stanley (2010)
Efficiently Evolving Programs through the Search for Novelty
In: Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference (GECCO-2010). New York, NY:ACM (8 pages)

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Joel Lehman, and Kenneth O. Stanley (2010)
Revising the Evolutionary Computation Abstraction: Minimal Criteria Novelty Search
In: Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference (GECCO-2010). New York, NY:ACM (8 pages)

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Phillip Verbancsics and Kenneth O. Stanley (2010)
Transfer Learning through Indirect Encoding
In: Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference (GECCO-2010). New York, NY:ACM (8 pages)

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Sebastian Risi, Joel Lehman, and Kenneth O. Stanley (2010)
Evolving the Placement and Density of Neurons in the HyperNEAT Substrate
In: Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference (GECCO-2010). New York, NY:ACM (8 pages)

Winner of the Best Paper Award in Generative and Developmental Systems at GECCO-2010

Read more ...


David B. D’Ambrosio, Joel Lehman, Sebastian Risi, and Kenneth O. Stanley (2010)
Evolving Policy Geometry for Scalable Multiagent Learning
In: Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems (AAMAS-2010). (8 pages)

Note: This paper is accompanied with a set of videos at http://eplex.cs.ucf.edu/mahnaamas2010.html

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Greg Dubbin and Kenneth O. Stanley (2010)
Learning to Dance through Interactive Evolution
In: Proceedings of the Eighth European Event on Evolutionary and Biologically Inspired Music, Sound, Art and Design (EvoMUSART 2010). New York, NY: Springer, 2010 (10 pages)

Note: This paper is accompanied with a set of videos at http://eplex.cs.ucf.edu/dance-evolution-videos.html

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Jason Gauci and Kenneth O. Stanley (2010)
Autonomous Evolution of Topographic Regularities in Artificial Neural Networks
In: Neural Computation journal 22(7), pages 1860-1898. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2010 (Manuscript 38 pages)

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Erin J. Hastings, Ratan K. Guha, and Kenneth O. Stanley (2009)
Automatic Content Generation in the Galactic Arms Race Video Game
In: IEEE Transactions on Computational Intelligence and AI in Games, volume 1, number 4, pages 245-263, New York: IEEE Press, 2009. (Manuscript 19 pages)

Note: IEEE Official Version available here.

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Erin J. Hastings, Ratan Guha, and Kenneth O. Stanley (2009)
Evolving Content in the Galactic Arms Race Video Game
In: Proceedings of the IEEE Symposium on Computational Intelligence and Games(CIG'09). Piscataway, NJ:IEEE (8 pages)

Winner of the Best Paper Award at the 2009 IEEE Symposium on Computational Intelligence and Games

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Erin J. Hastings, Ratan K. Guha, and Kenneth O. Stanley (2009)
Demonstrating Automatic Content Generation in the Galactic Arms Race Video Game

In: Proceedings of the Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment Conference Demonstration Program (AIIDE’09). Menlo Park, CA:AAAI (2 pages)

Please note: This paper is a short 2-page description of a demonstration that will be given at AIIDE'09.  Please see other papers on GAR for complete treatments.

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Sebastian Risi, Sandy D. Vanderbleek, Charles E. Hughes and Kenneth O. Stanley (2009)
How Novelty Search Escapes the Deceptive Trap of Learning to Learn

In: Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference (GECCO-2009). New York, NY:ACM (8 pages)

Winner of the Best Paper Award in the Artificial Life, Evolutionary Robotics, Adaptive Behavior, Evolvable Hardware Track at GECCO-2009

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Erin J. Hastings, Ratan K. Guha, and Kenneth O. Stanley (2009)
Interactive Evolution of Particle Systems for Computer Graphics and Animation
In: IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation, New York: IEEE Press, 2009. (Manuscript 15 pages)

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Amy K. Hoover and Kenneth O. Stanley (2009)
Exploiting Functional Relationships in Musical Composition
In: Connection Science Special Issue on Music, Brain, & Cognition. Abington, UK: Taylor & Francis, 2009 (Manuscript 33 pages)

Note: This paper is accompanied with a set of musical samples at http://eplex.cs.ucf.edu/neatmusic
Note: This is a preprint of the article accepted in Connection Science © 2009 Taylor & Francis. The journal version of the article is available online at informaworldTM at
http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/content~content=a911513244~db=all?jumptype=alert&alerttype=author,email

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Kenneth O. Stanley, David B. D'Ambrosio, and Jason Gauci (2009)
A Hypercube-Based Encoding for Evolving Large-Scale Neural Networks
To appear in: Artificial Life journal 15(2): pages 185–212. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2009 (Manuscript 39 pages)

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Joel Lehman and Kenneth O. Stanley (2008)
Exploiting Open-Endedness to Solve Problems Through the Search for Novelty
To appear in: Proceedings of the Eleventh International Conference on Artificial Life (ALIFE XI). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2008 (8 pages)

Note: This paper is accompanied with version 1.0 of the Novelty Search C++ software found here.

Read more ...


David B. D'Ambrosio and Kenneth O. Stanley (2008)
Generative Encoding for Multiagent Learning
In: Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference (GECCO 2008). New York, NY: ACM, 2008 (8 pages)

Winner of the Best Paper Award in Generative and Developmental Systems at GECCO-2008

Note: This paper is accompanied with a set of videos at http://eplex.cs.ucf.edu/multiagenthyperneat

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Jason Gauci and Kenneth O. Stanley (2008)
A Case Study on the Critical Role of Geometric Regularity in Machine Learning
Proceedings of the Twenty-Third AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI-2008). Menlo Park, CA: AAAI Press, 2008 (6 pages)

Note: This paper is accompanied with version 2.4 of the HyperNEAT software found here.

Read more ...


Jimmy Secretan, Nicholas Beato, David B. D'Ambrosio, Adelein Rodriguez, Adam Campbell and Kenneth O. Stanley (2008)
Picbreeder: Evolving Pictures Collaboratively Online
In: Proceedings of the Computer Human Interaction Conference (CHI 2008). New York, NY: ACM, 2008 (10 pages)

Read more ...


Amy K. Hoover, Michael P. Rosario, and Kenneth O. Stanley (2008)
Scaffolding for Interactively Evolving Novel Drum Tracks for Existing Songs
In: Proceedings of the Sixth European Workshop on Evolutionary and Biologically Inspired Music, Sound, Art and Design (EvoMUSART 2008). New York, NY: Springer, 2008 (10 pages)

Winner of the Best Paper Award at EvoMUSART 2008

Note: This paper is accompanied with a set of musical samples at http://eplex.cs.ucf.edu/neatdrummer

Note: The official Springer-Verlag version of this article is available at:
http://www.springerlink.com/content/e460174k81226827/

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Kenneth O. Stanley (2007)
Compositional Pattern Producing Networks: A Novel Abstraction of Development
In: Genetic Programming and Evolvable Machines Special Issue on Developmental Systems 8(2): 131-162New York, NY: Springer, 2007 (36 pages)

Springer link to article in publication format (requires subscription to Springer): http://www.springerlink.com/content/804411v3703ph210/

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Erin Hastings, Ratan Guha, and Kenneth O. Stanley (2007)
NEAT Particles: Design, Representation, and Animation of Particle System Effects
In: Proceedings of the IEEE Symposium on Computational Intelligence and Games (CIG'07). Piscataway, NJ: IEEE, 2007 (7 pages)

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David B. D'Ambrosio and Kenneth O. Stanley (2007)
A Novel Generative Encoding for Exploiting Neural Network Sensor and Output Geometry
In: Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference (GECCO 2007). New York, NY: ACM, 2007 (8 pages)

Nominated for Best Paper Award in Generative and Developmental Systems at GECCO-2007

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Jason J. Gauci and Kenneth O. Stanley (2007)
Generating Large-Scale Neural Networks Through Discovering Geometric Regularities
In: Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference (GECCO 2007). New York, NY: ACM, 2007 (8 pages)

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Kenneth O. Stanley (2006)
Patterns Without Development
University of Central Florida Dept. of EECS Technical Report CS-TR-06-01 (40 pages)

Please note: This technical report is no longer available because it has been superseded by the journal article "Compositional Pattern Producing Networks: A Novel Abstraction of Development " (above)  

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Kenneth O. Stanley (2006)
Exploiting Regularity Without Development
In: Proceedings of the AAAI Fall Symposium on Developmental Systems. Menlo Park, CA: AAAI Press, 2006 (8 pages)

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Kenneth O. Stanley (2006)
Comparing Artificial Phenotypes with Natural Biological Patterns
Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference (GECCO) Workshop Program. New York, NY: ACM Press, 2006 (2 pages)

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